Honing tool



I May 23, 1944. E. KLlNE HONING TOOL Filed May 3, 1940 INVENTOR 72%) Z fill fig.

' ATTOR Y5.

Patented May 23, 1944 -HON1NG TOOL John E. Kline, Grosse Pointe Farms, Micln, assignor to Micromatic Hone Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application May 3, 1940, Serial No. 833,195

1 Claim.

My invention relates to honing tools, and particularly to a honing tool of the external type which accurately machines the external surfaces of cylindrical elements parallel to its axis.

In my co-pending application, Serial No. 257,777, filed February 23, 1939, which became Patent No. 2,313,442, March 9, 1943, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention, I have illustrated an internal type of tool for accurately honing internal surfaces, the claims of which were drawn of a breadth to also cover external type of honing. In this disclosure a tool was provided having a honing head comprising a plurality of honing stones having extended in indented portions which nest with each other to provide a continuous circumferential abrasive surface so that a final operation may be performed in reciprocation only to provide finish marks throughout the cylindrical surface of the workpiece which are parallel to the axis thereof. This finish simulates,the finish on internal or external cylindrical surfaces which have been in operation over a considerable period of time. Such a finish produced by a honing tool eliminates the fraction and resulting heat and the resulting damage which occurs during the running in" operation of reciprocating cylindrical surfaces.

The present invention contemplates the use of diagonally disposed abrasive sticks to produce the overlapping between adjacent sticks so that the reciprocation of the tool will produce machining over the entire cylindrical surface. The invention applies particularly to the tool for operating on the external cylindrical surface since the width and spacing at the working surface may readily be maintained throughout the thickness of the abrasive stone.

Accordingly. the main objects of my invention are to-provide a tool for machining cylindrical surfaces of workpieces which have abrasive stones which are diagonally disposed to have the stones overlap; to provide an external type of honing tool with a. plurality of holders having diagonally disposed stones which nest when extended to a particular diameter with adjacent stones in overlapping relation to each other relative to the planes through the axis of the tool;

completely machines an external surface when the hone is moved in reciprocation, all of which is simple in construction and positive of operation.

Other objects and features of novelty of my invention will be either specifically pointed out or will become apparent when referring, for a better understanding of my'invention, to the following description taken in conjunction'with the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a view in elevation, with parts broken away, illustrating a machine operating a honing tool embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged broken sectional view of the tool illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 2, taken on the line 2-3 thereof;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 2, taken on the line 44 thereof; and

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a stone and stone holder employed in the tool illustrated in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1, I have illustrated a workpiece In in the nature of a piston, the outer surface of which is to be machined by an external type of honing tool il suspended on a shaft l2 mounted in a housing II which is reciprocated. The housing is supported on a piston rod l4 mounted on the end of a piston it which is disposed in a cylinder ii. The shaft i2 has a gear I! keyed thereto within the housing l2 and mated with a pinion it within the housing which is driven by a spline shaft IS. The housing is guided in its path of reciprocation by a rod 2| over which an arm 22 on the housing slides. Fluid is admitted to one orthe other end of the cylinder through a solenoid operated valve 22, the solenoid of which is controlled by an electrically operated time switch 24. A motor 2! drives through a clutch 2B the spline shaft ID to produce the rotation of the tool Ii. A solenoid 21 is connected to the clutch 28 for interrupting the rotation of the tool after a predetermined time of operation controlled by the time switch 28.

In operation, the housing I I and tool H are reciprocated to have the honingsticks of the tool I I pass over the workpiece a sufficient amount to permit the expansion of the stones to occur within the working range of the tool. This is accomplished by the engagement of a projection 28 on the arm 22 with the cam block 3| of a valve 22 to maintain the valve in open position. At the same time the motor 25 is energized to rotate the tool II for a time controlled by a time switch 28. Upon the operation of the time switch 28, the clutch 23 interrupts the operation of the tool rotation and the operation is continued in reciprocation only. During'the rotation of the tool the stones were worn to the shape of the cylinderso thatduring the reciprocating cycle the honing will occur throughout the cylindrical surface and parallel to the axis of the workpiece. This produces finish marks on the surface parallel to the axis which conform to the marks which would appear on the surface after the surface had been "worn in" a considerable length of time.

The tool for producing this operation and finlsh is illustrated in Figs. 2 to 5, inclusive, wherein a body 34 of cylindrical shape is provided with an inner circumferential rib 35 at the top and bottom having a plurality of slots 33 for receiving the ends 31 of the stone carriers 33. A pair of spring rings 39 bias the carriers radially outwardly from the tool axis. A plurality of pins 4i extend through the body 34 in engagement with the rear face of the carriers '38. The outer ends of the pins engage cam surfaces 42 provided on individual cam elements 43. Springs 44 are employed for moving the cam elements 43 up wardly to thereby permit the movement of the stone carriers outwardly when urged by the springs 33.

An outer sleeve 45 encompasses the body and the cam elements and forms an annular cylinder 48 in which an annular piston 4'! is disposed in engagement with the upper ends of the cam ele- .diameter a tool similar to that for dressing inments 43. An annular channel shaped gasket 43 provides a seal for the piston. An annular sleeve 49 is mounted on the body 34 retained in position by a pair of nuts 5|. A conduit 52 delivers oil or other fluid from the valve 33 to the annular ring 43 and then to the cylinder 46.

Each of the stone carriers 38 is provided with a stone 54 which is rhomboidal in shape and preferably having an arcuate face. By having the sides parallel the gap between the stones will not vary when the faces are adjusted to a particularv diameter and to larger or smaller diameter than the particular diameter for which the tool was constructed. This variation in diameter, however, will be limited to the degree of slope provided to the abrasive stone which controls'the amount of overlap produced thereby.

After the tool has been set to a predetermined ternal surfaces referred to in the above mentioned co-pending application is employed for dressing the stones to cylindrical shape on the particular diameter selected. Thereafter the tool may be employed as indicated hereinabove to be rotated and reciprocated relative to a workpiece for producing a honing operation and'thereafter reciprocated without being rotated for producingv a finished surface with the finish marks disposed parallel to the axis of the surface.

While I have described and illustrated but a single embodiment of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, omissions, additions and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, as set forth in the accompanying claim.'

What I claim is:

In an external type of honing tool, a body, plurality of stones supported by said body having surfaces disposed toward the axis thereof, means carried by said body for biasing said stones away from said axis, means on said tool for moving said stones toward the tool axis, an annular cylinder about said tool body, and an annular piston about said tool body within said cylinder for adjusting said moving means.

JOHN E. KLINE.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,514.9,628. Hay 25, 19%..

JOHN E. KLINE.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above nunfbered patent requiring correction as follows: column, line 25, for"fraction" read --frictionandthat the said Letters Patent should be rea d with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 8th day of August, A. D. 191 1;.

Leslie Frazer (See1) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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